4. Scan the above situation. N315P should be issued the following traffic.

A. Traffic not required

B. Both Mode C and non-Mode C targets

C. Eastbound Mode C target at 7,500 feet

D. Southbound non-Mode C target at unknown altitude

Answer: B. One of the requirements of ATC is to "issue traffic" (notify the aircraft about the position of another) if it appears the targets will come close, and they are at or less than the standard minimum vertical separation (1,000 feet). The "Mode C" target (the VFR aircraft sending out its altitude) is only 500 feet below N315P, and they will possibly merge, so you would have to call that traffic. And the primary target (which is probably not ground clutter, because it is moving steadily south) could be at any altitude (below 18,000 or 10,000 feet depending on the class of airspace), so as a precaution you have to call that traffic too.

The phraseology would be "N135P, traffic 10 O'clock, 7 miles, eastbound, mode C indicates 7 thousand five hundred; additional traffic 1 O'clock, 12 miles, southbound, altitude unknown."

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